Household solar photovoltaic power stations are small distributed photovoltaic systems, also called household photovoltaic power stations. Generally, we see the installation on the roof, but not all roofs are suitable for installation. In the photovoltaic installation design, the actual situation should be fully considered, and the principles of economical application should be followed, with high reliability, durability, easy maintenance, and full consideration of geographical and climatic environmental impacts.
The following knowledge points about home photovoltaic system installation, remember!
Installation location selection
The location of home PV is generally selected on the roof or open space of the home. The conditions to be considered are the usable area, the structure of the house and the load-bearing requirements, the ground foundation and the meteorological and hydrological conditions. If you choose to install it on your own roof, the roof bearing capacity must be greater than 20kg / ㎡.
If the house beam is a wooden structure, don't consider it. The service life of the photovoltaic system is up to 25 years. The wood house beam is easy to be damaged. It is recommended not to install it.
Herringbone roof
If a solar photovoltaic power station is constructed on a herringbone roof, the optimal inclination angle cannot be designed like a ground power station, and the front-to-back shielding distance is considered. In order to facilitate the combination of photovoltaic modules and the roof, the brackets are generally tiled directly on the south-facing roof. The bracket is connected to the roof with a clamp, and the battery module is mounted on the bracket. This method is not only beautiful but also maximizes the utilization of the roof area.
Flat roof structure roof
To construct a solar photovoltaic power station on a flat-roof structure roof, it is necessary to erect photovoltaic support and design the optimal inclination angle and front-to-back spacing of components.
Open space
If you choose to install it on your own empty ground, you can use anchor piles and concrete strip foundations as the support foundation. Which one you choose depends on the geological situation and cost. In addition, the design of the base strength of the support must be based on local meteorological conditions.
It should be noted that considering the thermal expansion and contraction effects of the module, the distance between the upper, lower, left, and right components should be about 3 cm during installation.
Selection of grid-connected inverter
Grid-connected inverters are mainly divided into three categories: high-frequency transformer type, low-frequency transformer type, and transformerless type. According to the designed system and the specific requirements of the owner, the transformer type is mainly considered from the two aspects of safety and efficiency.
Household distributed photovoltaic systems are small systems that do not require high technical indicators. When the inverter is not equipped with an isolation transformer, the energy conversion efficiency is higher. Combined with factors such as cost, it is more reasonable to choose a transformerless type.
Lightning protection design
In order to ensure the safety and reliability of photovoltaic grid-connected power generation systems and prevent damage to system components due to external factors such as lightning strikes and surges, lightning protection grounding systems of the system are essential. Solar photovoltaic power stations are three-level lightning protection buildings. Lightning protection and grounding involve the following two aspects:
1. Try to avoid the projection of the lightning rod on the photovoltaic module
2. The ground wire is the key to lightning protection and lightning protection.
Prevent lightning induction: The metal sheath of equipment, racks, metal pipes, and cables must be reliably grounded. Each metal item must be connected to the ground main separately. It is not allowed to be connected in series to the ground main.
Choose reliable after-sales service
The installation of photovoltaic panels on the roof for continuous power generation will not be less than 25 years. Whether it is a distributed industrial power generation system as large as several MW of industrial and commercial roofs or a residential distributed power generation system as small as several KW, a reliable and comprehensive after-sales service system is particularly important.
Identify brand and professionalism
First of all, the choice of equipment must be quality-assured, especially for components and inverters. Do not choose low-cost and inferior equipment for the sake of cheapness. In this industry, the price is basically transparent. As the saying goes, one price is one-for-one. No one is living Lei Feng. In daily business negotiations, there are often customers who suggest that the price of a certain company is much lower. For such a situation, I can only recommend that the customer carefully consider, carefully consider, and carefully judge to choose a reliable company.
Secondly, the design of the overall system solution and the professionalism of field installation cannot be underestimated. In order to maximize the benefits, individual practitioners choose low-cost and low-quality equipment to recharge, and they are eager to achieve success in the field installation process, ignoring the details that should be paid attention to during installation. How can such a power generation system stand the test of many years? Therefore, photovoltaic brands must choose trustworthily.